UVC UVA encapsulation appliation diameter3*0.3mmt 2.5x2.5mmt Quartz
Sapphire cover glass lens
dia3*0.15mmt/0.1mm/80um/120um sapphire small lens chip for
endoscope/Low temperature laboratory bacterial culture glass
Synthetic Sapphire is a single crystal form of corundum, Al2O3,
also known as alpha-alumina, alumina, and single crystal Al2O3.
Sapphire is aluminium oxide in the purest form with no porosity or
grain boundaries, making it theoretically dense. The combination of
favourable chemical, electrical, mechanical, optical, surface,
thermal, and durability properties make sapphire a preferred
material for high performance system and component designs. For
various semiconductor applications, sapphire is the best choice in
comparison with other synthetic single-crystals.
Sapphire substrates / wafers: EPI-polished, optically polished,
lapped or as-cut sapphire disks, windows, substrates, blanks as
well as epitaxial structures “silicon-on-sapphire” (SOS) are
described at the next page,
Main properties of sapphire:
| Chemical formula | Al2O3 |
| Crystal class | Hexagonal system, rhomboidal class 3m |
| Lattice constants, A | a=4.785, c=12.991 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 3.98 |
| Melting point, °K | 2303 |
| Hardness | Knoop(daN/mm2): 1800 parallel to C-axis, 2200 perpendicular to C-axis, Mohs: 9 |
| Optical transmission range, µm | 0.17 - 5.5 |
| Refractive index at 0.532 µm | n0=1.7717, ne=1.76355 |
| Water absorption | nil |
| Young Modulus, Gpa | 345 |
| Shear Modulus, Gpa | 145 |
| Bulk Modulus, Gpa | 240 |
| Bending Modulus (Modulus of Rupture), Mpa | 420 at 20°C, 280 at 500°C |
| Elastic Coefficient | C11=496, C12=164, C13=115, C33=498, C44=148 |
| Poisson ratio | 0.25-0.30 |
| Friction Coefficient | 0.15 on steel, 0.10 on sapphire |
| Tensile strength, MPa | 400 at 25°, 275 at 500°, 345 at 1000° |
| Flexural strength, daN/mm2 | 35 to 39 |
| Compressive strength, GPa | 2.0 |
| Young’s modulus E, daN/mm2 | 3.6 x 104 to 4.4 x 104 |
| Specific heat, J/(kg x K) | 105 at 91°K, 761 at 291°K |
Sapphire substrates:
· Blue LED's (BLED's) - sapphire is the substrate for the growth of
III-V and II-VI compounds such as GaN for LED's,
· for IR Detectors, for the growth of mercury cadmium tellurium
(HgCdTe), GaAs wafer carriers, microwave integrated circuits
Aerospace:
· Sapphire is used for its durability and erosion/corrosion
resistance, often in combination with the ability to withstand high
heat while having a very broad transmission range. Applications
include:
· Windows - FLIR (Forward Looking Infra Red) windows for sensors
and other optics. Optical clarity over a broad spectral range
combines with durability in this application.
· Windows - for erosion resistance in salt and blowing sand
environments, sapphire is used in conventional windows and dome
shapes in replacement of softer, more fragile IR transmitting
materials.
· Countermeasures lamps - sapphire flash lamps are used in IRCM's
(Infra red countermeasures). The high temperature performance of
sapphire is combined with broad spectral range in this application.
Analytical applications:
· Sapphire is used in analytical applications where combinations of
high temperature, pressure, and hydrofluoric acid species are
encountered. These applications need the survivability of sapphire,
while often needing other properties such as favourable UV
(ultraviolet) or IR (infrared) transmission.
· NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) tubes; Sapphire is used for very
high-pressure applications in replacement of glass or quartz tubes.
· Sample preparation - sapphire is used in digestion cells as
sheaths and liners. When hydrofluoric acid is used, sapphire
replaces quartz components
· Analytical chemistry - for mass spectroscopy, ICAP, and other
systems, sapphire replaces quartware to improve durability and
reduce contamination while offering good UV transmission.
Medical applications:
· Sapphire is used in surgical systems for laser transmission and
in contact with bodily fluids.
· Surgical tips - sapphire is used in contact tips for various
surgical laser applications
· Endoscope lenses - sapphire is often used in endoscope lenses due
to its durability in contact with tissues and in sterilisation
environments such as autoclaving
· Sapphire knives - with a sapphire knife, thinner sections are
possible. The near perfect cutting edge of this knife / blade gives
distortion-free sections down to 10 microns thick.
Optical applications:
· Sapphire is used for short and long wavelength applications (UV
and IR) beyond the range where conventional optics performs
adequately. High temperatures and hostile environments also
necessitate the use of sapphire optics.
· Illumination windows - for very high brightness illumination,
sapphire windows survive the very high heat while providing the
broadest spectral transmission.
· Sapphire lightguides - sapphire rods; used in high temperature
thermometry beyond the range of quartz optics.
· Optical components: lenses, prisms and other laser and infrared
optics are fabricated from high optical quality sapphire.
Watch industry: Sapphire is widely used for watch glasses. The
world demand in watch industry centres on scratchproof sapphire
watch crystals. However, besides traditional flat shapes, crystals
with spherical and cylindrical curves are also in great demand.
Customized order:
Produce according to specific requirements and drawings, and also
can design products for customers
1. Any inquiries will be replied within 24 hours.
2. Professional manufactory for 5 years.
3. All products will have been strictly Quality Checked in house
before packing.
4. All products will be well packed before shipping.
5. Trigon Optics provides technical assistance as the customers
requirement and needs.
